Symptoms of FND

FND patients are often polysymptomatic, requiring comprehensive management.

Symptoms of functional neurological impairment vary and include: 

  • abnormal motor control (e.g. weakness, tremor, dystonic posture),

  • episodes of altered awareness resembling seizures (functional/dissociative seizures), and,

  • abnormal sensations (visual disturbances, persistent postural perceptual vertigo ; Gilmour et al., 2020).

Additional secondary symptoms include:

  • fatigue,

  • pain,

  • sleep disturbances,

  • poorer cognitive functioning; and,

  • various comorbidities with psychiatric and neurological disorders.

The most common FND symptoms

The table below shows the most common symptoms of FND.

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    • van der Hulst, E. J. (2023). A Clinician's Guide to Functional Neurological Disorder: A Practical Neuropsychological Approach. Routledge.